Bahasa Makian untuk Fungsi Keakraban di Kalangan ‘Anak Muda’ Minangkabau
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Keywords:
intimacy, Minangkabau, swear words, the youth
Abstract
Swear word is commonly regarded as impolite because in a particular situation, it may insult others. However, the swear word may indicate intimacy. It is depicted by the youth in Minangkabau society who use this swear word to keep the relationship closer and intimate. This study aims at identifying the forms of the swear words used by the youth in Tanah Datar Regency, Sumatera Barat. The research is descriptively done. The data are any utterances containing the swear words used by the youth in Tanah Datar Regency, Sumatera Barat. There were around sixty adolescents aged between 18-25 years as the respondents. The data were taken when these adolescents communicating in the cafe, lapau (traditional cafe in Minangkabau), and some other informal places by recording and note-taking the interaction. The interview was also conducted to ensure the swear words used and the meaning. The analysis is conducted by using the concept of swear words and speech acts. After analyzing the data, it is found that the youth of Minangkabau used four forms of swear words in their communication. They are 1) animal, 2) disability, 3) activity, 4) dirt, and 5) disease. The animal is mostly used because it is in line with the philosophy of Minangkabau people that is learning from nature. The animal is part of nature considered despicable that its behavior should not be imitated.
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Aini, E. N., Nurhayani, I., & Hamamah, H. (2020). Tindak Tutur Joko Anwar yang Mengancam dan Strategi Kesantunan Tidak Langsung terhadap Livi Zheng dalam Acara Q&A: Belaga “Hollywood” di Metro TV. In LINGUA : Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya (Vol. 17, Issue 1, pp. 51–64). Center of Language and Culture Studies. https://doi.org/10.30957/LINGUA.V17I1.624
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Revita, Ike, Trioclarise, R., & Gunawan, F. (2017). Matrilinial System and the Activity of Women Trafficking in West Sumatera. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Education, Science, and Technology (ICEST 2017), 97–99. https://doi.org/10.2991/icest-17.2017.33
Revita, Ike, Wekke, I. S., & Trioclarise, R. (2017). Empowering the Values of Minangkabau Local Wisdom in Preventing the Activity of Women Trafficking in West Sumatera. IIOP Conference, 3–6.
Revita, Ike, Wijana, I. D. P., & Poedjosoedarmo, S. (2012). Permintaan Dalam Bahasa Minangkabau. Humaniora, 19(2), 195–206. https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.v19i2.904
Sari, D. W. (2019). Translation Analysis of Swear Words in The Wolf of Wall Street Movie. In Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics (Vol. 54, pp. 33–37). https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JLLL/article/view/46959
Setiawan, S., & Ms., F. (2018). Swear Words among Males: The Social Functions and Pragmatic Meanings. https://doi.org/10.2991/soshec-18.2018.71
Sifianou, M. (2012). Disagreements, face and politeness. Journal of Pragmatics, 44(12), 1554–1564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2012.03.009
Sudaryanto. (2015). Metode dan Aneka Teknik Analisis Bahasa. Sanata Dharma University Press.
Suganob-Nicolau, M. F. (2016). Swear words among young learners: A case study of the elementary students. Indonesian JELT: Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching. https://doi.org/10.25170/ijelt.v11i2.1493
Timothy, J., & Janschewitz, K. (2008). The pragmatics of swearing. Journal of Politeness Research. https://doi.org/10.1515/jplr.2008.013
Wijana, I. D. P. (2014). Bunga Rampai Persoalan Linguistik, Sosiolinguistik, dan Pragmatik. A. Com Advertising.
Aini, E. N., Nurhayani, I., & Hamamah, H. (2020). Tindak Tutur Joko Anwar yang Mengancam dan Strategi Kesantunan Tidak Langsung terhadap Livi Zheng dalam Acara Q&A: Belaga “Hollywood” di Metro TV. In LINGUA : Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya (Vol. 17, Issue 1, pp. 51–64). Center of Language and Culture Studies. https://doi.org/10.30957/LINGUA.V17I1.624
Amrullah, L. (2016). ENGLISH SWEAR WORDS BY INDONESIAN LEARNERS. Journal of English Language Teaching and Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.21462/jeltl.v1i1.2
Ardiati, M., Amral, S., & Rahima, A. (2020). NILAI-NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL PADA UNGKAPAN TRADISIONAL UPACARA PERNIKAHAN MASYARAKAT DESA REMBAN KABUPATEN MURATARA PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN. In Aksara : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia (Vol. 3, Issue 2, pp. 208–219). http://aksara.unbari.ac.id/index.php/aksara/article/view/134
Badelah, B., Mahsun, M., & Burhanuddin, B. (2019). Tindak Tutur Kesantunan Guru dan Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SMP Negeri 2 Sakra: Tinjauan Pragmatik. In LINGUA : Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya (Vol. 16, Issue 2, pp. 219–234). Center of Language and Culture Studies. https://doi.org/10.30957/LINGUA.V16I2.604
Bednarek, M. (2019). ‘Don’t say crap. Don’t use swear words.’ – Negotiating the use of swear/taboo words in the narrative mass media. Discourse, Context and Media. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2019.02.002
Beers Fägersten, K. (2017). English-language swearing as humor in Swedish comic strips. Journal of Pragmatics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2017.10.014
Bowers, J. S., & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2011). Swearing, euphemisms, and linguistic relativity. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022341
Goddard, C. (2015). “Swear words” and “curse words” in Australian (and American) English. at the crossroads of pragmatics, semantics and sociolinguistics. In Intercultural Pragmatics. https://doi.org/10.1515/ip-2015-0010
Iswara, A. A., & Susana, K. Y. (2019). ANALISIS KESANTUNAN BAHASA MEDIA SOSIAL: KOMUNIKASI MAHASISWA KEPADA DOSEN STMIK STIKOM INDONESIA. In KULTURISTIK: Jurnal Bahasa dan Budaya (Vol. 3, Issue 2, pp. 10–29). Universitas Warmadewa. https://doi.org/10.22225/KULTURISTIK.3.2.1185
Navies, A. . (2017). Pemikiran Minangkabau Catatan Budaya A.A Navies. Angkasa.
Revita, I. (2020). Politeness strategies of minangkabau ethnic in Indonesia. Asian ESP Journal, 16, 13–34. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85099934733&origin=inward
Revita, Ike. (2015). Analisis Kontrastif Bentuk Salam Penyapa dalam Bahasa Inggris dan Bahasa Minangkabau: Pendekatan Sosioprgamatik. Bahasa, 32, 7–19.
Revita, Ike. (2018). Kaleidoskop Linguistik (I, 2018). CV. Rumahkayu Pustaka Utama.
Revita, Ike, Trioclarise, R., & Anggreiny, N. (2017). Psychopragmatic Analysis Of Speech Act Of The Perpetrators Of The Violence Toward Minangkabau Women Analisis Psikopragmatik Tindak Tutur. Gramatika, 1(1962), 112–121. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21009/BAHTERA.161
Revita, Ike, Trioclarise, R., & Gunawan, F. (2017). Matrilinial System and the Activity of Women Trafficking in West Sumatera. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Education, Science, and Technology (ICEST 2017), 97–99. https://doi.org/10.2991/icest-17.2017.33
Revita, Ike, Wekke, I. S., & Trioclarise, R. (2017). Empowering the Values of Minangkabau Local Wisdom in Preventing the Activity of Women Trafficking in West Sumatera. IIOP Conference, 3–6.
Revita, Ike, Wijana, I. D. P., & Poedjosoedarmo, S. (2012). Permintaan Dalam Bahasa Minangkabau. Humaniora, 19(2), 195–206. https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.v19i2.904
Sari, D. W. (2019). Translation Analysis of Swear Words in The Wolf of Wall Street Movie. In Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics (Vol. 54, pp. 33–37). https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JLLL/article/view/46959
Setiawan, S., & Ms., F. (2018). Swear Words among Males: The Social Functions and Pragmatic Meanings. https://doi.org/10.2991/soshec-18.2018.71
Sifianou, M. (2012). Disagreements, face and politeness. Journal of Pragmatics, 44(12), 1554–1564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2012.03.009
Sudaryanto. (2015). Metode dan Aneka Teknik Analisis Bahasa. Sanata Dharma University Press.
Suganob-Nicolau, M. F. (2016). Swear words among young learners: A case study of the elementary students. Indonesian JELT: Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching. https://doi.org/10.25170/ijelt.v11i2.1493
Timothy, J., & Janschewitz, K. (2008). The pragmatics of swearing. Journal of Politeness Research. https://doi.org/10.1515/jplr.2008.013
Wijana, I. D. P. (2014). Bunga Rampai Persoalan Linguistik, Sosiolinguistik, dan Pragmatik. A. Com Advertising.
Published
2020-03-30
How to Cite
Revita, I., & Fathiya, N. (2020). Bahasa Makian untuk Fungsi Keakraban di Kalangan ‘Anak Muda’ Minangkabau. LINGUA : Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 17(1), 103-114. https://doi.org/10.30957/lingua.v17i1.689
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