Women’s Empowerment: Discovering Women’s Subjectivity in Arabic Novels Based on Juliet Mitchell’s Feminist Psychoanalysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30957/lingua.v21i2.1052Keywords:
Arabic Novel, Feminist Psychoanalysis, Subjectivity, Women’s EmpowermentAbstract
As women play an important role in shaping the character of a quality generation, women’s empowerment is an investment for a better future. This study aims to; 1) reveal women’s subjectivity in Juliet Mitchell’s feminist psychoanalysis perspective; 2) analyze the role of women’s empowerment reflected to female characters; and 3) explore the dynamics between social structure, culture, and psychology of female characters in the novel Zeina by Nawal El Saadawi This research uses a descriptive-qualitative method. The data source of this research is the novel “Zeina” by Nawal El Saadawi and complemented by theoretical and other references that have relevance. Data collection techniques use translation, reading and note-taking techniques. Data analysis techniques use the Miles and Huberman models. The results of this study show that; 1) the subjectivity of female characters in the novel “Zeina” includes; identity differences, resilience and self-formation, internal and external conflicts, and struggles for emancipation and freedom 2) The role of empowerment reflected in female characters, includes; women becoming entertainers, women becoming magazine leaders, and women becoming literary critics as well as department heads. 3) The dynamics that occur between social, cultural, and psychological structures of female characters are; the influence of trauma in identity formation, identity reconstruction, and identity transformation through trauma healing. This research confirms that women can empower themselves, even in a patriarchal environment. Empowerment through education, employment, and psychological support is important as a foundation for women’s role as agents of change.
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References
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Febrianisa, S. (2023). Nilai-Nilai Moral Tokoh Bodour pada Novel Zeina Karya Nawal El. Saadawi (Kajian Strukturalisme Genetik). `A Jamiy : Jurnal Bahasa Dan Sastra Arab, 12(1), 119. https://doi.org/10.31314/ajamiy.12.1.119-129.2023
Fitriana, T. R. (2021). Perilaku Wanita Terhadap Kekerasan Dalam Novel Alun Samudra Rasa Kajian Feminis Psikoanalisis Juliet Mitchell. Widyaparwa, 49(2), 398–349. https://doi.org/10.26499/wdprw.v49i2.370
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McGhee, P. E., & Frueh, T. (1975). Traditional Sex Role Development and Amount of Time Spent Watching Television. Developmental Psychology.
Merina, B., & Muhaimin. (2024). Dinamika Emansipasi: Perjuangan Hak Suara Perempuan Orang Asli Papua. CV. Jakad Media Publishing.
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Mitchell, J. (1973). Woman’s Estate. In Penguin Books. Penguin Books.
Mitchell, J. (2000). Pyschoanalisis and Feminism. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 11, Issue 1). Penguin Books.
Mitchell, J. (2003). Sibling: Sex and Violence. Polity Press.
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Prayogo, A., & Yunianti, F. S. (2021). Teknik dan Kualitas Penerjemahan Frasa Washfi pada Novel Zeina Karya Nawal El Sadawi. Insyirah: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Arab Dan Studi Islam. https://doi.org/10.26555/insyirah.v4i1.4778
Pugu, M. R., Riyanto, S. H., & Noorman, R. (2024). Metodologi Penelitian; Konsep, Strategi, dan Aplikasi. PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.
Ramadhan, I., & Ma’sumah, I. (2018). Mengkaji Peran Un Women Dalam Mengatasi Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan Dan Mewujudkan Kesetaraan Gender Melalui Perspektif Feminisme. Jurnal Asia Pacific Studies, 2(2), 144. https://doi.org/10.33541/japs.v2i2.871
Raspati, F. A., & Kadiyono, A. L. (2023). Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs): Women’s Empowerment for Women Entrepreneurs. Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender, 18(1), 25–48. https://doi.org/10.21580/sa.v18i1.14430
Rosyidi, H. (2015). Psikologi Kepribadian 2 Teori-Teori Holistik (Organismik-Fenomenologis). JAUDAR PRESS.
Rousselle, D. (2020). Reading Freud’s “Obsessions and Phobias: Their Psychical Mechanism and their Aetiology” (1895). Medium. https://duanerousselle.medium.com/reading-freuds-obsessions-and-phobias-their-psychical-mechanism-and-their-aetiology-1895-a6b8ce95fb78
Sari, J., Rustandi, T., & Suadma, U. (2024). The Role of Self-Confidence in Mediating the Effect Of Work Discipline And Reward to Employee Performance in Private Companies in Serang District. LINGUA Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 21(01), 142–157.
Setiadi, H., & Dwijayanti, F. (2020). Pentingnya Kesehatan Masyarakat, Edukasi Dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan Untuk Mengurangi Stunting Di Negara Berkembang. Jurnal Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kesehatan, 2(01), 16–25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.48186/.v2i01.246.16-25
Sholeha, F. Z., & Baqi, S. Al. (2023). Pengaruh Keberadaan Anggota Keluarga terhadap Pembentukan Identitas Gender Anak Usia Dini. WISDOM: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 4(01), 99–112. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21154/wisdom.v4i1.6695
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You, Y. (2021). Patriarki, Ketidakadilan Gender, dan Kekerasan atas Perempuan: Model Laki-Laki baru Masyarakat Hubula Suku Dani. Nusamedia. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=gqNsEAAAQBAJ
Zaman, R. K., Nordin, M. K. N. C., & Nasir, K. (2021). Terapi Rabbani Dalam Merawat Masalah Neurosis: Rabbānī Therapy in Treating Neurosis Problem. Afkar: Jurnal Akidah & Pemikiran Islam, 23(2), 41–74. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22452/afkar.vol23no2.2
Alfikri, M. I., & Dwiatmaja, I. A. (2023). Analisis Konsep Feminisme Psikoanalisis dalam Konteks Kekerasan Seksual. 1(10), 379–390. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10144328
Amanda, A., & Nugroho, B. A. (2024). Perlawanan Tokoh Utama Perempuan Terhadap Ketidakadilan Gender Dalam Novel Akulah Istri Teroris Karya Abidah El Khalieqy: Kajian Feminisme Psikoanalisis Karen Horney. Ilmu Budaya (Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni Dan Budaya), 8(3), 330–342. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/jbssb.v8i3.16269
Anjellika, E., & Lestarika, D. P. (2024). Analisis Mendalam Tentang Kesenjangan Gender Di Indonesia : Data Terkini Kesenjangan Gender di Indonesia. Jurnal Kajian Hukum Dan Kebijakan Publik, 2(1), 542–546. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.62379/m0zpx588
Ardiansyah, Sarinah, Susilawati, & Juanda. (2022). Kajian Psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud. Jurnal Kependidikan, 7(1), 25–31. http://e-journallppmunsa.ac.id/index.php/kependidikan/article/view/912/885
Armi, M. I., Azkiya, R. N., & Setiyawanti, R. (2023). Keabsahan Anak Pada 5 Negara Islam (Studi Komparatif Perundang-undangan di Maroko, Mesir , Suriah, Tunisia ,dan Yordania. Madania: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Dan Ketatanegaraan Islam, 13(1).
Atiyat, R. B., Sarayreh, K., & Rimawi, S. (2022). Woman at Point Zero and Uncle Vampire: A cross-cultural investigation of father-daughter incest in the light of feminist psychoanalysis. Literator, 43(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.4102/lit.v43i1.1850
Azzahidah, S., Laily Zen, E., & Eliyanah, E. (2023). Gender and Turn Taking in Mata Najwa Talk Show: A Conversation Analysis. LINGUA Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 20(1), 32–54. https://doi.org/10.30957/lingua.v20i1.760.Gender
Basid, A., & Aulia, I. N. (2018). Ideologi Feminisme dalam Novel Zeina Karya Nawal El Saadawi Berdasarkan Perspektif Strukturalisme Genetik Lucius Goldmann. Diksi, 25(1), 100–111. https://doi.org/10.21831/diksi.v25i1.14771
Benjamin, J. (1988). The Bonds of Love: Psychoanalysis, Feminism, and the Problem of Domination. Pantheon Books.
Butler, J. (1990). Gender Trouble Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. Routledge.
Chodorow, N. (1999). The Reproduction of Mothering: Psychoanalysis and the Sociology of Gender. University of California Press.
Daragmeh, A. K., & Hamamra, B. (2021). “The fourth language for all females”: women’s subversive bodies in assia djebar’s fantasia, an algerian calcavade. Arab Studies Quarterly, 43(1), 58–72. https://doi.org/10.13169/arabstudquar.43.1.0058
Duschinsky, R., & Walker, S. (2015). Juliet Mitchell and the lateral axis: twenty-first-century psychoanalysis and feminism. In Palgrave Macmillan (Vol. 53, Issue 04). https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.193404
Eflin, L. A. E. (2023). Berteologi Melalui Film: Analisis Teologi Feminis Sastra terhadap Film Mulan 2020. Scholar Thesis: Institut Agama Kristen Negeri (IAKN) Toraja.
el Saadawi, N. (2009). زينة - رواية - نوال السعداوي - مكتبة شغف.pdf (p. 194). Yayasan Hindawi.
Engelcke, D. (2020). Establishing Filiation ( Nasab ) And The Placement Of Destitute Children Into New Families : What Role Does The State Play? Journal of Law and Religion, 3(3), 408–432. https://doi.org/10.1017/jlr.2019.45
Fatimah, A., Umer, L., & Nasir, A. (2024). Womanly Guise as a Feminist Strategy : Unveiling Womanly Guise with Psychoanalytic and Feminist Psychoanalytic Lens. Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies, 24(2), 55–71.
Febrianisa, S. (2023). Nilai-Nilai Moral Tokoh Bodour pada Novel Zeina Karya Nawal El. Saadawi (Kajian Strukturalisme Genetik). `A Jamiy : Jurnal Bahasa Dan Sastra Arab, 12(1), 119. https://doi.org/10.31314/ajamiy.12.1.119-129.2023
Fitriana, T. R. (2021). Perilaku Wanita Terhadap Kekerasan Dalam Novel Alun Samudra Rasa Kajian Feminis Psikoanalisis Juliet Mitchell. Widyaparwa, 49(2), 398–349. https://doi.org/10.26499/wdprw.v49i2.370
Hoefel, B. Y. M. C. (2022). The Object of the Phallus: A Psychoanalytic Feminist Analysis of Kate Chopin’s The Awakening and Elizabeth Gaskell’s Ruth. [University of Agder]. In University of Agder. https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3021521
Huda, D. (2020). Rethkinking Perempuan dan Keadilan Gender. CV. Cendekia Press.
Idrus, M. (2009). Metode Penelitian Ilmu Sosial dan Pendekatan Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif (2nd ed.). Penerbit Erlangga.
Igbaria, K. (2024). A sequence of pain feminist issues within Laila Al-Othman samt al-Farasaht (silence of the butterflies). Cogent Social Sciences, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2356349
Irigaray, L. (1985). Speculum of the Other Woman. Cornell Univesity Press.
Kisweka, D. M. (2021). A Literary Theoretical Exploration of Silenced African Women from Psychoanalytic and Feminist Perspectives [Mary Immaculate College University of Limerick]. https://dspace.mic.ul.ie/handle/10395/3036
Kristeva, J. (1984). Revolution in Poetic Language (internetar). Columbia University Press.
Marditama, T., Solihah, C., Fitria, L., & dkk. (2021). Women Empowerment. Zahir Publishing.
McGhee, P. E., & Frueh, T. (1975). Traditional Sex Role Development and Amount of Time Spent Watching Television. Developmental Psychology.
Merina, B., & Muhaimin. (2024). Dinamika Emansipasi: Perjuangan Hak Suara Perempuan Orang Asli Papua. CV. Jakad Media Publishing.
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2014). Analisis Data Kualitatif : Buku Sumber Tentang Metode-Metode Baru. UI Press.
Mitchell, J. (1971). Women: the longest revolution. New Left Review, 40, 11.
Mitchell, J. (1973). Woman’s Estate. In Penguin Books. Penguin Books.
Mitchell, J. (2000). Pyschoanalisis and Feminism. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 11, Issue 1). Penguin Books.
Mitchell, J. (2003). Sibling: Sex and Violence. Polity Press.
Nartin, Faturrahman, Deni, A., Santoso, Y. H. P., Suacana, I. W. G., Indrayani, E., Utama, F. Y., Tarigan, W. J., & Eliyah. (2024). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Cendekia Mulia Mandiri.
Novarisa, G. (2019). Dominasi Patriarki Berbentuk Kekerasan Simbolik Terhadap Perempuan Pada Sinetron. Bricolage : Jurnal Magister Ilmu Komunikasi, 5(02), 195. https://doi.org/10.30813/bricolage.v5i02.1888
Nugroho, B. A. (2019). Perlawanan Perempuan terhadap Dominasi Patriarki dalam Novel Geni Jora Karya Abidah El Khalieqy Kajian Feminisme Psikoanalisis Karen Horney. Jurnal Sastra Indonesia, 8(2), 148–156. https://doi.org/10.15294/jsi.v8i2.33719
Nurgiyantoro, B. (2018). Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. UGM press.
Pahleviannur, M. R., De Grave, A., Saputra, D. N., Mardianto, D., Hafrida, L., Bano, V. O., & Sinthania, D. (2022). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. In Kollegial supervision. Pradina Pustaka. https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.608190.4
Pasopati, R. U., Pujimahanani, C., & Putri, A. (2024). The Significance of Phallocentrism as Illustrated on Grace Paley’s Wants. ELTALL (English Language Teaching , Applied Linguistics and Literature), 5(1), 64–76. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21154/eltall.v5i1.5716
Pilcher, J., & Whelehan, I. (2022). Fifty Keys of Gender Studies. Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, & Conflict: Volume 1-4, Third Edition, 1, 82–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-820195-4.00102-3
Prayogo, A., & Yunianti, F. S. (2021). Teknik dan Kualitas Penerjemahan Frasa Washfi pada Novel Zeina Karya Nawal El Sadawi. Insyirah: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Arab Dan Studi Islam. https://doi.org/10.26555/insyirah.v4i1.4778
Pugu, M. R., Riyanto, S. H., & Noorman, R. (2024). Metodologi Penelitian; Konsep, Strategi, dan Aplikasi. PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.
Ramadhan, I., & Ma’sumah, I. (2018). Mengkaji Peran Un Women Dalam Mengatasi Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan Dan Mewujudkan Kesetaraan Gender Melalui Perspektif Feminisme. Jurnal Asia Pacific Studies, 2(2), 144. https://doi.org/10.33541/japs.v2i2.871
Raspati, F. A., & Kadiyono, A. L. (2023). Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs): Women’s Empowerment for Women Entrepreneurs. Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender, 18(1), 25–48. https://doi.org/10.21580/sa.v18i1.14430
Rosyidi, H. (2015). Psikologi Kepribadian 2 Teori-Teori Holistik (Organismik-Fenomenologis). JAUDAR PRESS.
Rousselle, D. (2020). Reading Freud’s “Obsessions and Phobias: Their Psychical Mechanism and their Aetiology” (1895). Medium. https://duanerousselle.medium.com/reading-freuds-obsessions-and-phobias-their-psychical-mechanism-and-their-aetiology-1895-a6b8ce95fb78
Sari, J., Rustandi, T., & Suadma, U. (2024). The Role of Self-Confidence in Mediating the Effect Of Work Discipline And Reward to Employee Performance in Private Companies in Serang District. LINGUA Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 21(01), 142–157.
Setiadi, H., & Dwijayanti, F. (2020). Pentingnya Kesehatan Masyarakat, Edukasi Dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan Untuk Mengurangi Stunting Di Negara Berkembang. Jurnal Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kesehatan, 2(01), 16–25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.48186/.v2i01.246.16-25
Sholeha, F. Z., & Baqi, S. Al. (2023). Pengaruh Keberadaan Anggota Keluarga terhadap Pembentukan Identitas Gender Anak Usia Dini. WISDOM: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 4(01), 99–112. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21154/wisdom.v4i1.6695
Thornham, S. (2010). Teori Feminis dan Cultural Studies (S. Jamilah (ed.); Terj. Asma). Jalasutra.
Webster, D. C., & Dunn, E. C. (2005). Feminist Perspectives on Trauma. Taylor & Francis Online, 28(3–4), 111–142. https://doi.org/10.1300/J015v28n03
You, Y. (2021). Patriarki, Ketidakadilan Gender, dan Kekerasan atas Perempuan: Model Laki-Laki baru Masyarakat Hubula Suku Dani. Nusamedia. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=gqNsEAAAQBAJ
Zaman, R. K., Nordin, M. K. N. C., & Nasir, K. (2021). Terapi Rabbani Dalam Merawat Masalah Neurosis: Rabbānī Therapy in Treating Neurosis Problem. Afkar: Jurnal Akidah & Pemikiran Islam, 23(2), 41–74. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22452/afkar.vol23no2.2
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2025-03-06
How to Cite
Nur'aini, A., & Basid, A. (2025). Women’s Empowerment: Discovering Women’s Subjectivity in Arabic Novels Based on Juliet Mitchell’s Feminist Psychoanalysis. LINGUA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 21(2), 259–274. https://doi.org/10.30957/lingua.v21i2.1052
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